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4.1 Basic Terminology

  • Network - Hosts on a network can send data to each other by using the hardware address (MAC address) as destination address. Bridges and switched hubs are used to extend and manipulate traffic on a network.

  • Internet-work - This is a group of networks that are attached to each other using routers. The MAC address is not visible to all hosts. Therefore a routed protocol such as IP must be used to allow the routers to find the correct destination through the network.

  • Autonomous System - This is a group of routers in an Internet-work, which exchange information on which networks are available, and what routes to take to get to them. An autonomous system can also be defined as a group of devices under a common administration

  • Routed Protocols - These are routed over the Internet-work. Examples include IP, IPX and AppleTalk

  • Routing Protocols - This is the software configured and installed on routers to regularly calculate the best paths (routes) to the destination address in the internet-work. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) are examples of routing protocols